BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA- reversible inflammation lung condition due to hyerpsensitivity leading to narrowing of smaller airway.

Predisposing factor:

1. Extrinsic Asthma – called Atropic/ allergic asthma

a.) Pallor

b.) Dust

c.) Gases

d.) Smoke

e.) Dander

f.) Lints

2. Intrinsic Asthma-

Cause:

Herediatary

Drugs – aspirin, penicillin, b blockers

Food additives – nitrites

Foods – seafood, chicken, eggs, chocolates, milk

Physical/ emotional stress

Sudden change of temp, humidity &air pressure

3. mixed type: combi of both ext & intr. Asthma

90% cause of asthma

S/Sx:

1. C – cough – non productive to productive
2. D – dyspnea
3. W – wheezing on expiration
4. Cyanosis
5. Mild apprehension & restlessness
6. Tachycardia & palpitation
7. Diaphoresis

Dx:

1. Pulmo function test – decrease lung capacity
2. ABG – PO2 decrease

Nsg Mgt:

1. CBR – all COPD
2. Meds-

a.) Bronchodilator through inhalation or metered dose inhaled / pump. Give 1^st before corticosteroids

b.) Corticosteroids – due inflammatory. Given 10 min after adm bronchodilator

c.) Mucolytic/ expectorant

d.) Mucomist – at bedside put suction machine.

e.) Antihistamine

3. Force fluid
4. O2 – all COPD low inflow to prevent resp distress
5. Nebulize & suction
6. Semifowler – all COPD except emphysema due late stage
7. HT

a.) Avoid pred factors

b.) Complications:

- Status astmaticus- give epinephrine & bronchodilators

- Emphysema

c.) Adherence to med